Problems with health legislation in Australia
This blog considers legislation before Queensland Parliaments (Part 1) before
considering legislation before the Western Australian Parliament (Part 2).
It finds significant difficulties and concludes that all legislation relating
to COVID-19 currently before any parliament in Australia must be voted down to
avoid loss of country, state and individual autonomy/ sovereignty.
This conclusion is based upon the principle that coercive control of one
entity by another, whether state, corporate or individual, does not advance the
common good and is open to nefarious manipulation by external actors. ‘Common
good’ that harms any/ many is not for the common good.
[Note: The Queensland legislation may be voted on in the Queensland
Parliament on 11 October. I suggest people throughout the state email the link
to this blog to their local member (whatever their party) and make an
appointment to go see them about it before then, to bring it to their attention,
overviewing it for them and urging them to vote it down.
This is a non-protesting opportunity, simply exercising our democratic
rights to influence our representatives. You may well be surprised that they
may not be aware of the implications, so please be gentle with and supportive
of them in such an eventuality. I suggest a mindset of assisting them with
their busy job, rather than attempting to browbeat them from an ideological
position that they may not agree with. This is really beyond party politics
anyway. Please go to your own local member, as they have a duty to represent
you. This is lobbying, not protesting.]
Part 1 Queensland Legislation
There are significant problems with two pieces of health legislation
currently before Queensland Parliament, as set out below.
A) The first is the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law and
Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2022. It has two major problems as follows:
1 Its Nation-wide applicability overrides scrutiny by other
parliaments
a) Governance
Page 31 of the Bill’s explanatory notes states:
If the Bill is passed
in Queensland, the changes to the National Law apply automatically in all other
states and territories, except for Western Australia, which must pass its
own separate legislation, and South Australia, where amendments must be made by
regulation. Due to the co-regulatory arrangements in New South Wales, New South
Wales does not participate in the health, performance, and conduct process of
part 8 of the National Law. Instead, the Health Care Complaints Commission in
New South Wales assesses and manages complaints about registered health
practitioners in conjunction with the relevant health professional council. As
such, the relevant changes to part 8 of the National Law will not apply to New
South Wales practitioners.
So called ‘National Laws’ have been passed in each state. For example,
the National Law Victoria 2009 Page 2, Part 2, Section 4,
Application of Health Practitioner Regulation National Law states:
The Health Practitioner Regulation
National Law, as in force from time to time, set out in the Schedule to the
Health Practitioner Regulation National Law Act 2009 of Queensland—
(a) applies as a law of Victoria; and (b) as so applying may be referred to as
the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law (Victoria); and (c) so applies
as if it were part of this Act.
b) Implementation
This indicates ‘national law’ can be made by proxy in a way that avoids
elected representative oversight or influence by any other parliament in
Australia. It allows one parliament to alter laws within the jurisdiction of
another! This means that the powers of all parliaments in Australia have been usurped/
subverted.
c) Implementation method
Page 6 of the Bill’s Statement of Compatibility with human rights says
that the National Agency i.e. AHPRA is a corporation, i.e. not a Commonwealth
Government Body. This means that Government functions have been being
outsourced to an unelected private corporation, able to function without
accountability to any parliamentary scrutiny. COAG was established in 1992 and
was renamed the National Federal Reform Council (NFRC) on 29 May 2020, with
National Cabinet at its centre. This seems to have been a takeover by executive
officers of governments (Prime ministers and Premiers) acting as National
Cabinet, using the mechanism of a private corporation, with the plausible
deniability of desire to better co-ordinate outcomes across the country.
d) Implementation bodies & arrangements
This was explained in a submission by former barrister Julian Gillespie
to the Federal COVID 2.0 enquiry, which is summarised in the following three
paragraphs.
The Commonwealth government entered into a treaty in 2007 with the
World Health Organisation (WHO) called simply the International Health
Regulations, 2005, which are the WHO regulations. The many possible
recommendations the WHO could issue pursuant to the International Health
Regulations could not be carried into effect by the Commonwealth government as
they involved matters that do not lie under heads of power provided by the
Australian Constitution. The direct assistance and cooperation of the states
and territories was necessary as control of everything from disease
surveillance to searching and seizing property rests with them. Thus the
National Health Security Act was created to invite the states and territories
to provide to the Commonwealth their powers over their populations, with
respect to public health, order and governance. In order to achieve this,
section seven of the National Health Security Act expressly outlines the
creation of a National Health Security Agreement, which was a voluntary step
for the state and territories to enter into with the Commonwealth, which all
signed in 2011. This enabled the Commonwealth to give full effect to recommendations
issued by the WHO under the International Health Regulations to take effect
across the entire Australian community. This delivered the Commonwealth
government extensive new powers and authority over national health policy by
establishing a fourth tier of government composed of the leaders of the states
and territories and the federal government, namely National Cabinet, with the
Commonwealth Chief Medical Officer as the head of the Australian Health
Protection Principal Committee, the AHPPC. This created a new and unelected
Australian health overlord, serving essentially as the point man for the WHO
within Australia. That health overlord was designated as the Secretary of
Health of the Australian Government Department of Health, a position held by Brendan
Murphy since 13th July 2020. That position is called the National Focal Point,
abbreviated under the National Health Security Act as the NFP.
The Department of Health is the lead agency in response to a
domestic public health incident. The Department of Health gives virtually full
control over all matters of response and messaging to the Australian Health
Protection Principal Committee, and a subcommittee of the AHPPC, the
Communicable Diseases Network Australia, or CDNA, which creates much of its
policy and recommendations. The masking, curfews, social distancing, and
lockdowns were all recommendations that AHPPC adopted, and consequently the
states and territories in turn adopted and implemented. The Department of
Health together with the AHPPC, coordinate the "National Health Emergency
Media Response Network", the NHEMRN. It is from the NHEMRN that each state
and territory receives scripts for public announcements coming from the World
Health Organisation, such as the message that vaccines are 'safe and
effective'. This ensures all politicians and chief health officers across
Australia all give the same message, irrespective of what was actually
occurring on the ground.
The WHO published findings in 2019 after extensive scientific studies
and reviews concluding that contact tracing was 'not recommended', home
quarantine was 'not recommended', the effectiveness of school closures was
'limited', the strength of evidence supporting workplace closures was ‘very
low', the effect of measures to avoid crowding was 'uncertain', travel advice
had 'no scientific evidence', entry and exit screening was 'not recommended'
and border closures were 'not recommended'. However, this was all reversed
without provision of any evidence base in 2020 and the Australian Health
Management Plan for Pandemic Influenza, co-authored by the Commonwealth, state,
and territories and published in August 2019, which had a substantial
scientific basis, was also ignored.
e) Implications and effects
This means there is a big problem with accepting the
recommendations of the AHPPC. That is effectively
taking directions from the foreign entity controlling our pandemic
response, leaving no effective means of response for any elected
representative, whether they had trusted the medical profession and the WHO
narrative or not. The bypassing/ capture of government by commercial
pharmaceutical interests was then complete and was ratcheted up into
totalitarianism through the introduction of mandates for ‘the common good’.
In achieving this, significant inducements were afforded by skewed
reporting arrangements and medical rebate incentives. The death toll was
greatly inflateted by reporting deaths with COVID rather
than from COVID, achieving maximum funding through avoiding
more accurate attribution to other co-morbidities and unnecessarily
exaggerating the fear level. The number of cases was manipulated through the
number of cycles in the PCR test, which was never intended for that purpose and
has since been abandoned. The all-cause mortality did not rise around the world
during the pandemic until mass vaccination started. Now we have children and
young people dying uncharacteristically from conditions previously unheard of
in young people – heart attacks and strokes. There has been a new ‘disease’
invented to accommodate this called Sudden Adult Death Syndrome (SADS)
mirroring/ echoing SIDS. Death by unknown case is now heading towards being the
leading cause of death in the world. All this is such a time of technological
sophistication? How can this be unknown? What good has all our science done us
if our supposedly greatest minds have no clue what is killing so many? With all
the resources of Queensland Health, Health Minister Yvette D’Ath has said
publicly she has been unable to understand the surge in 000 calls that has
occurred post mass vaccination. The medical profession has been torn apart,
with any disputing the narrative by following the independently funded medical
science rather than the marketing science, being discredited, de-platformed,
deregistered and otherwise generally excluded. This is clearly a medical
experiment that gone horribly wrong warranting immediate cessation.
The arrangements transferring medical regulation off to an
unaccountable corporation (AHPRA) allows no effective avenue of appeal for practitioners
wrongfully suspended. This is not in accordance with our normal principles of justice.
The Federal Health Minister has confirmed in writing that he can do nothing as
AHPRA is not a government body. That means our elected representatives have handed
control to a private organisation that is completely out of control by anybody
other than the pharmaceutical industry. It is completely unacceptable that
there is no parliament in the country that AHPRA must answer to.
2 It deals with messaging and marketing, not with health, placing the
doctor’s relationship with the State above that with their patient
a) Governance
Its stated objective is to “strengthen public protection and increase
public confidence in health services provided by practitioners registered under
the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme for health professions
(National Scheme)”.
b) Implementation
It does that by making “public confidence in health services” the
paramount principle of all our healthcare, overriding the principle of
patient-centred care in favour of supporting regulation and enforcement of
national agendas.
c) Implications
This Bill is not about health at all. It has solely to do with ensuring
the health messaging remains true to whatever the official narrative is
declared to be. It presumes that the medical advice can neither be wrong, nor overridden
by pharmaceutical commercial interests.
In this way, it potentially violates individual rights in
supporting mandates of inappropriate/ ineffective/ ‘one-size-fits-all’
treatments. Consequently, the many statements in the Bill’s Statement
of Compatibility with human rights saying these clauses “promote” and
“do not limit human rights” are patently false.
The Bill thus adds to the coercive control that can be applied by
a corporation (AHPRA) to erroneous medical judgement applied in a ‘one size
fits all’ way. This problem is nowhere more evident than in the recent pandemic
where the only (patented) medical solution proffered has completely failed to
control it and furthermore, has actually made it much worse, with the all-cause
mortality not rising until after mass vaccination was introduced.
COVID-19 vaccination is a medical experiment that has gone very
badly wrong and should be stopped immediately. It is now well known in the USA
that the ‘safe and effective’ messaging was always false, as evidenced by
release of the Pfizer trial data that the CDC tried to prevent release of for
75 years. That showed a 2.7% death rate and a 400% adverse effect rate. The
attempted concealment alone was a very large red flag concerning corporate ‘for
profit’ interests. That has not been publicised by the mainstream media in
Australia, allowing the false ‘safe and effective’ mantra to be just repeated
endlessly and mindlessly in this country. This Bill can only further serve
private sector sales and marketing at the expense of public safety.
The following further effects are based upon statements on the
QPP.life website by former Dr William Bay, who AHPRA deregistered a few weeks
ago.
This Bill will strengthen the enforcement role of AHPRA, which is
already problematic, with it routinely de-registering doctors for telling their
patients the truth about medical aspects of the COVID-19 vaccinations. It will
also require ‘one size fits all’ treatments, such as COVID vaccination, to be
forced upon people who are medically unsuited to receiving it. This will be
done for the so called ‘greater good’. It will stop treatment according to
patients’ individual circumstances (medical history, medications, allergies
etc.). The principle of what makes the Department of Health in each state look
most trustworthy will become paramount and inescapable. This puts bureaucrats
in charge of medical decisions between doctors and their patients. Mistakes and
indeed, incorrect treatments of patients have occurred and are bound to
continue. Mistakes in medical treatment will inevitably lead to patient
deaths that can and will be directly attributable to passage of this
Bill. The RACGP and AMA have expressed concerns over this refocusing of
healthcare, and professional indemnity insurance companies like MIGA and the
Insurance Council of Australia have agreed that the term ‘public confidence’
lacks a clear definition and scope, and they raised concerns about how courts
and tribunals would interpret the term. This Bill imposes bureaucratic control
on medical matters that bureaucracy cannot possibly know about. It attempts to
make the government the marketing arm of the vaccine manufacturers. The whole
Bill is beyond correction by amendment and needs to be rejected in its
entirety.
A petition with 5677signatures objecting to it was organised by
former Dr William Bay, submitted to the government on 26/8/2022 and tabled on
30/8/2022.
B) The other
problematic legislation is the Public Health Act 2005 and there are
again two problems relating to it, one relating to existing provisions and the
other to an amendment bill that is in committee stages.
1 Section 362B suspends democracy in Queensland
This gives the Chief Health Officer unreviewable powers to make any
directive he believes is necessary as long as it is connected to preventing the
spread of COVID-19. The CHO’s powers are absolute with the Supreme Court and
the Premier being unable to review them.
It can be argued that these powers are unconstitutional, illegal and
immoral, because they override all laws and considerations pertaining to due
process, human rights, and basic Western freedoms like freedom to transact,
speak and move.
2 The Public Health and other legislation (COVID-19 Management)
Amendment Bill 2022 is currently going through committee stages. Public submissions
were opened for only a week and closed on 16 September 2022. The short length
of time and lack of publicity around this is yet another red flag.
There are many difficulties with this Amendment Bill, as listed
below and it would be far better abandoned. Provisions of the Bill are shown in
normal black type face and the summary commentary in blue is based on a
submission made by former Dr William Bay that appears on
the https://qpp.life/ website.
1. The Chief Health Officer
(CHO) will be allowed to retain the power of giving ‘directions’ for another
year (to October 2023) and these will continue limiting human rights. Specifically,
the CHO will be able to require the 7-day isolation of persons who allegedly
have COVID-19 and quarantine their symptomatic close contacts; require masks to
be carried or worn in specified settings; and require workers in vulnerable and
high-risk settings to be vaccinated. These directions are argued by the
Queensland Government to be the most effective way to protect the health system
from the uncontrolled and unmanageable spread of
COVID-19. The outcomes
obtained from the Queensland Government measures since January 29th 2020
indicate failure. As of the 15th September 2022, after 961 days
of a State of Emergency which commenced on 29 Jan 2020, we were still having
1000 cases a day of Covid-19 among a population that was 80 to 90% vaxxed.
Clearly the Government’s response to the pandemic has failed, and alternative,
less-restrictive means of managing this situation should be preferred, if not
at least tried. The experience of other countries around the world shows good
results in managing the outbreak without compromising individual liberty.
2. The
CHO directions include a direction that may require employers to take
reasonable steps to monitor and enforce compliance with vaccine requirements
for their workers. Employers will be able to demand private medical information
specifically requiring workers to produce documentation of their vaccination
status and require operators of workplaces to keep a record of the vaccination
status of each worker. This will continue the infringement
of people’s right to medical privacy and provide further coercive pressure on
workers to give up their right to informed consent for the sake of retaining
their employment or good-standing therein. The unfair pressure placed on
Queensland citizens having to choose between their jobs and livelihoods; and
their health should not be allowed to continue for another year.
3. The
Bill imposes human rights restrictions on the unvaccinated and
under-vaccinated. This is not warranted as it is arguable that people have a greater
immunity to all variants of Covid-19 and a longer period of immunity if they
are NOT vaccinated with a gene-modifying, immune-system destroying MRNA
experimental injection.
4. This
Bill will replace the Queensland Police Service as enforcers of CHO directions
breaches with “authorised persons” appointed by a chief executive officer of a
local government. Clause 9 of the Bill authorises these local tyrants to enter
places, seize evidence, and enforce compliance with public health directions
without advance notice, consent or a warrant. Furthermore,
“authorised persons” will be allowed to use reasonable force to make a person
go to or remain at a stated place or to leave a
workplace. This is appalling as it creates of a
new class of law enforcement in Queensland acting under the directions of an
unelected bureaucrat in the Department of Health (the CHO) and outside the
traditions and training of the QPS.
5. This
Bill makes it an offence to recklessly spread the newly defined controlled
notifiable condition of Covid-19. This offence carries a maximum penalty of 200
penalty units (currently $28 750) or 18 months imprisonment. This penalty is
contained in Chapter 3, Part 6 of the Public Health Act 2005 - Section 143
(1). This means that COVID-19 will be made a notifiable disease. The penalty
for failure to comply with measures now known to be completely ineffective is
excessive for individuals and not consistent with a free and fair society,
especially in the context of a very mild upper respiratory tract disease that
has only a 0.27% case fatality rate or lower.
6. Part
4 of the Bill amends the State Penalties Enforcement Regulation to make
non-compliance with a CHO public health direction an offence for which a
penalty infringement notice issued under the State Penalties Enforcement Act
1999. This will make it easier for the CHO ‘brown-shirts’ to fine and
intimidate Queenslanders. Section 142K of the Bill will make it an offence to contravene
public health directions with a penalty of 100 penalty units or $14,375 as of
16 September
2022. Again, this penalty
is excessive for individuals and not consistent with a free and fair society
especially when these CHO directions can be enacted for reasons unrelated to
the health of Queenslanders but for the purposes of implementing ‘nationally
consistent public health response” and decisions by the National Cabinet, the
AHPPC and other external agencies. These agencies should not have and do not
have any health powers over citizens of Queensland under the provisions of the
Commonwealth Constitution. To then fine Queenslanders large sums of money for
contravening their “orders” is inviting justifiable dissent amongst the
citizenry.
7. Minister
D’Ath states that the impact on the rights and liberties of individuals is
justified given the need to protect the health system capacity through the
ongoing management of COVID-19. The proponents of the Bill allege that a
vaccinated workforce in a vulnerable setting is less likely to experience
severe illness, and more likely to remain available to provide care. Data from
sources like the NSW Department of Health and various medical journals show
that the more MRNA vaccines a person has the more likely they are to be
hospitalised, end up in ICU or die. We suggest that health system capacity is
better maintained by not medicalising every mild respiratory tract infection
and treating asymptomatic cases as actual diseases. Furthermore, with hundreds
of nurses and doctors out of work in Queensland due to illegal vaccine
requirements, health workforce issues can be ameliorated by more rational and
less restrictive means, i.e. re-hiring these discriminated (and most-likely healthier)
health professionals.
8. Minister
D’Ath concedes that the proposed direction-making power will leave people with
little practical choice but to receive a vaccine, so that while consent is
given, that consent may not be full and free for the purposes of section 17(c)
of the Human Rights Act Queensland 2019. She erroneously argues that there are
safeguards in place that mitigate the human rights impact on workers who are
required to be vaccinated under these public health directions and that there are
a range of options available to the workers and they will be required to give
informed consent to being vaccinated before the vaccination can occur. This is
plainly untrue. No human being can give informed consent when their livelihood
is being threatened by the State and their employer. Coercion invalidates the
doctor-patient relationship which is sacred in law and medical ethics.
9. Section
142R of the proposed Bill allows for NO entitlement to compensation if a person
suffers loss or damage because of the exercise of these unwarranted CHO
directives. Having recourse to compensation and
justice in the courts is a feature of a trusted and working democratic Western
society. By specifically prohibiting accountability of the Government by this
amendment; the Government is exposing itself to righteous accusations of
incompetence and disregard for the welfare of its citizens.
Part 2 Legislation currently before the West Australian Parliament
This legislation is titled Western Australia
Emergency Management Amendment (Temporary COVID-19 Provisions) Bill 2022.
This came to my attention following a Maria Zeee Zero Time
broadcast. I have extracted pertinent sections and highlighted the most draconian
pieces in yellow, considering that they need no further comment. With the lack
of specificity and ability to conscript anyone from anywhere (even overseas? Police?
Military?) the “brownshirt” (the facility for which is also in the Queensland
Bill) and forced vaccination dangers are obvious. Given the development timeframe,
any new “vaccines” can also only be experimental and likely also have disastrous
consequences. Furthermore, how could legislation anywhere in this supposedly
free country condone such mass ‘legal’ break and entry, as this legislation
does?
77A. Overview of Part
This Part provides for a temporary scheme, to be in
operation for a period of 2 years, under which —
(a) the State
Emergency Coordinator may make a COVID-19 declaration in relation to the whole
or any area or areas of the State; and
(b) if a COVID-19 declaration is in
force, powers can be exercised by authorised COVID-19 officers for the purposes
of COVID-19 management.
77B. Terms used
In this Part authorised COVID-19 officer means
(a) the State
Emergency Coordinator; and
(b) a person authorised under section 77I;
77I. Authorised COVID-19 officers
(1) The State Emergency Coordinator
may authorise persons to act as authorised COVID-19 officers while a
COVID-19 declaration is in force.
(2) An authorisation under
subsection (1) may be given orally or in writing but if given orally
must be put in writing as soon as is practicable.
77K. Obtaining identifying particulars
(1) The office of authorised
COVID-19 officer is prescribed for the purposes of the Criminal Investigation
(Identifying People) Act 2002 and any holder of that office may exercise the
powers in Part 3 of that Act in relation to an offence or suspected
offence under this Act while a COVID-19 declaration is in force.
(2) Without
limiting subsection (1), an authorised COVID-19 officer may, where reasonably
required for the purposes of COVID-19 management while a COVID-19 declaration
is in force, request a
person to give the officer any or all of the person’s personal details.
(3) If, while a
COVID-19 declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19 officer reasonably suspects that a personal
detail given by a person in response to a request under subsection (2) is
false, the officer may request the person to produce evidence of the
correctness of the detail.
77L. Powers concerning movement and evacuation
For the purposes of COVID-19 management while a
COVID-19 declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19 officer may do all or
any of the following —
(a) direct or, by direction,
prohibit, the movement of persons and vehicles within, into, out of or around
the declaration area or any part of the declaration area;
(b) direct the
evacuation and removal of persons from the declaration area or any part of the
declaration area;
(c) close
any road, access route or area of water in or leading to the declaration area;
(d) direct that
any road, access route or area of water in or leading to the declaration area
be closed.
77M. Powers to control and use property
and related powers
(1) For the
purposes of COVID-19 management while a COVID-19 declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19 officer
may take control of or make use of any place, vehicle or other thing.
(2) The place,
vehicle or other thing may be in, or outside, the declaration area.
(3) For the
purposes of exercising a power under subsection (1), an authorised COVID-19 officer may enter, or if
necessary break into and enter, any place or vehicle.
(4) An
authorised COVID-19 officer may direct the owner or occupier, or the person
apparently in charge, of a place, vehicle or other thing to give the authorised
COVID-19 officer reasonable assistance to exercise the officer’s powers under
this section.
(5) An authorised COVID-19 officer
may exercise the powers under this section without a warrant or the consent of
the owner or occupier, or the person apparently in charge, of the place,
vehicle or other thing.
(6) If an
authorised COVID-19 officer takes control of or makes use of any place, vehicle
or other thing under this section, the authorised COVID-19 officer must ensure
that, as soon as is reasonably practicable in the circumstances and no later
than 7 days after the place, vehicle or thing is taken control of or made use
of, a notice is given to the owner or occupier, or the person formerly in
charge, of the place, vehicle or thing stating —
(a) that the place, vehicle or thing has been
taken control of or made use of under this section; and
(b) the name of the authorised COVID-19
officer who has taken control of or made use of the place, vehicle or thing.
77N. Powers of officers in relation to persons exposed to SARS-CoV-2
virus
(1) While a COVID-19 declaration is in force, for the purpose
of limiting the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, an authorised COVID-19 officer
may direct any person who has been exposed, or any class of person who may have
been exposed, to the SARS-CoV-2 virus to do all or any of the following —
(a) to remain
in an area specified by the officer for such period as is specified by
the officer;
(b) to remain
quarantined from other persons for such period, and in such reasonable
manner, as is specified by the officer;
(c) to
submit to infection prevention and control procedures within such
reasonable period, and in such reasonable manner, as is specified by the
officer.
77P. Exchange of
information
(3) For the purposes of
COVID-19 management while a COVID-19 declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19 officer
may request an emergency management agency that holds relevant information to disclose
the information to the authorised COVID-19 officer.
(4) An emergency management
agency may comply with a request under subsection (3) despite any law of this State
relating to secrecy or confidentiality.
(5) If information is
disclosed, in good faith, under subsection (2) or in compliance with a request
under subsection (3) —
(a) no civil or criminal liability
is incurred in respect of the disclosure; and
(b)
the disclosure is not to
be regarded as a breach of any duty of confidentiality or secrecy imposed by
law; and
(c)
the disclosure is not to
be regarded as a breach 18 of professional
ethics or standards or as unprofessional conduct.
77Q. General powers during
COVID-19 declaration 4
(2) While a COVID-19
declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19 officer may take, or direct a person or a class of person
to take, any action that the officer considers is reasonably necessary to
prevent, control or abate risks associated with COVID-19.
(3) For the purposes of
COVID-19 management while a COVID-19 declaration is in force, an authorised COVID-19
officer may direct a
person to —
(a) give to the officer relevant
information about the person or any other person closely associated with the
person; or
(b) answer questions intended to
elicit relevant information about the person or any other person closely
associated with the person.
(4) A person is not excused from
complying with a direction given to the person under subsection (3) on the ground that giving the
information or answering the question might tend to incriminate the person or
expose the person to a criminal penalty.
Steve McGrath PhD
3 October 2022
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